Paediatric anaesthesia
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There are few data describing clonidine population pharmacokinetics in children (0-15 years) despite common use. Current pediatric data, described in terms of elimination half-life or C(max) and T(max), poorly explain variability in drug responses among individuals representative of those in whom the drug will be used clinically. ⋯ Clearance in neonates is approximately one-third that described in adults, consistent with immature elimination pathways. Maintenance dosing, which is a function of clearance, should be reduced in neonates and infants when using a target concentration approach.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2007
Airway management and anesthesia in neonates, infants and children during endolaryngotracheal surgery.
Endolaryngotracheal surgery in neonates, infants and children poses a big challenge for both anesthesiologist and surgeon. The narrowness of the airways and the great variability of the pathological lesions necessitate close collaboration between the surgical and the anesthesia team to provide optimal operating conditions and ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation. ⋯ Supraglottic superimposed high-/low-frequency jet ventilation via jet laryngoscopes with integrated jet nozzles is a minimally invasive ventilation technique for neonates, infants and children in endolaryngotracheal surgery, which allows an unimpaired operating field for the surgeon especially in LASER surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPropofol-ketamine vs propofol-fentanyl for sedation during pediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of propofol-ketamine with propofol-fentanyl in pediatric patients undergoing diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE). ⋯ Both PK and PF combinations provided effective sedation in pediatric patients undergoing UGIE, but the PK combination resulted in stable hemodynamics and deeper sedation though more side effects.