Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA prospective randomized blinded study of the effect of intravenous fluid therapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
Nausea and vomiting is a common postoperative complication that often necessitates the use of antiemetic agents. ⋯ Intravenous superhydration administration is an inexpensive and safe therapy for reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting and discomfort.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2006
Cuff filling volumes and pressures in pediatric laryngeal mask airways.
Hyperinflation of LMA cuffs carries the risk of airway morbidity by exerting pressure on laryngeal and pharyngeal structures. Cuff hyperinflation in LMAs can result from nitrous oxide diffusion into the LMA cuff and from deliberate manual cuff inflation. ⋯ Since the volume of air which is effectively required depends on several factors and varies between patients, the cuffs should be inflated only with the minimum volume of air required to form an effective seal with the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and the cuff pressure should be controlled.
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Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a congenital symptom complex characterized by multiple joint contractures. AMC results from fetal akinesia due to extrinsic factors (oligohydramnios) or primary neurogenic or myopathic conditions of the fetus. ⋯ The perioperative care of patients with AMC should consider not only the physical manifestations of the disease process, but also the implications of the underlying neuromuscular disease. The most common perioperative issues included difficulties with airway management, problematic intravenous access, and intraoperative hyperthermia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyTramadol for pain relief in children undergoing herniotomy: a comparison with ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric blocks.
Prevention of postoperative pain in children is one of the most important objectives of the anesthesiologist. Preoperative ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks have been widely used to provide analgesia in children undergoing herniorrhaphy. Tramadol is an analgesic with micro-opioid and nonopioid activity. In this study we compared the usage of intravenous tramadol with ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks for control of post-herniorrhaphy pain in children aged 2-7 years. ⋯ We concluded that tramadol can have at least the same analgesic effect as that of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks for post-herniorrhaphy pain in children, with even a superior effect at the time of maximal analgesia. We also highlight the troublesome side-effect of nausea and vomiting which brings into question the benefits of using this opioid that seems to lack respiratory depression.