Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2005
Case ReportsNeonatal pneumothorax--an unexpected perioperative complication.
We report our experience of three cases of intraoperative pneumothorax in neonatal surgical patients. Following a review of the literature, we discuss possible causes for each case and methods of treatment. We emphasize the need for inclusion of pneumothorax as a cause for cardiorespiratory instability even when no predisposition is identifiable and highlight the need for prompt treatment to prevent serious morbidity and mortality.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2005
Utility of ultrasound-guided central venous cannulation in pediatric surgical patients: a clinical series.
Central venous cannulation can be particularly difficult in pediatric patients. Central line placement is associated with many well-known complications. While ultrasound-guided techniques are well established, the majority of central venous catheters are placed using landmark guidance. This retrospective study compares the safety and efficacy of ultrasound guidance vs landmark guidance in central venous cannulation of pediatric cardiac surgery patients. ⋯ The overall success of internal jugular vein cannulation for pediatric cardiac surgery is significantly improved with the use of ultrasound guidance, without a significant difference in traumatic complications. However, mostly children above 1 year of age or 10 kg of weight experience advantages of ultrasound technique.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2005
Case ReportsSubmental intubation for cancrum oris: a case report.
Cancrum oris (Noma) is a devastating gangrenous disease that leads to severe tissue destruction in the face. We describe the anesthetic management of a 12-year-old girl with cancrum oris sequelae in a Rural Secondary level Hospital in Central India (Padhar Hospital). She presented with a large defect in her upper lip on the left side that extended into the columella and the floor of the left nostril. ⋯ She made a satisfactory recovery and the submental scar healed without complication or scarring. We describe briefly the features of cancrum oris and review the technique of submental intubation (described in adults with midfacial trauma). The use of submental intubation in children and for cancrum oris sequelae has not been previously reported.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2005
Continuous sciatic block for leg and foot surgery in 160 children.
The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of continuous sciatic block for lower limb surgery in children. ⋯ Sciatic block with a single shot 3-in-1 block for tourniquet pain and light general anesthesia provides good intraoperative conditions for leg and foot surgery and adequate postoperative pain relief. Additional sedation to minimize the discomfort of a cast may be a consideration in the first 24 h.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of three methods for estimating appropriate tracheal tube depth in children.
Estimating appropriate tracheal tube (TT) depth following tracheal intubation in infants and children presents a challenge to anesthesia practitioners. We evaluated three methods commonly used by anesthesiologists to determine which one most reliably results in appropriate positioning. ⋯ Deliberate mainstem intubation most reliably results in appropriate TT depth in infants and children.