Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSingle-dose dexmedetomidine reduces agitation and provides smooth extubation after pediatric adenotonsillectomy.
Dexmedetomidine has shown sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects after intravenous (IV) administration. Sevoflurane is associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation in preschool children. In this placebo-controlled study, we examined the effect of single dose dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. ⋯ We conclude that 0.5 microg.kg(-1) dexmedetomidine reduces agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized-controlled study of ultrasound prelocation vs anatomical landmark-guided cannulation of the internal jugular vein in infants and children.
A specifically designed ultrasound scanner may be helpful in percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein in pediatric patients. We report a new two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound prelocation (UL) technique using a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) intraoperative probe instead of the portable scanner, and have compared the new technique with conventional anatomical landmark method (AL) for central venous catheterization in infants and children. ⋯ Two-dimensional ultrasound prelocated central venous catheterization in infants and children is convenient and can markedly increase cannulation success rate and reduce the incidence of complications.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2005
Clinical TrialThe correlation of the Narcotrend Index with endtidal sevoflurane concentrations and hemodynamic parameters in children.
The Narcotrend Index (NI) of anesthetic depth is potentially a pharmacodynamic measure of the effects of sevoflurane on the brain. ⋯ In children, nonsteady-state eT(Sevo) concentrations are more closely related with NI than with MAP or HR. In this study, only NI reliably differentiated consciousness from unconsciousness.