Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Case ReportsDexmedetomidine as the primary sedative agent for brain radiation therapy in a 21-month old child.
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex is an alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist which is gaining popularity as a sedative and anesthetic adjuvant. In this case report, dexmedetomidine was used safely and easily to provide sedation for 12 radiation-therapy sessions in a pediatric patient. It provided smooth induction and fast recovery with minimal respiratory depression.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Case ReportsPerioperative care of the patient with Williams syndrome.
Williams syndrome, initially described by Williams, Barratt-Boyes, and Lowe in 1961, consists of characteristic dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease, and distinctive behavioral and emotional traits. In addition to acquired and congenital heart disease, manifestations in the renal, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and central nervous system may have implications during the perioperative period. ⋯ The authors present a 7-month-old infant, previously diagnosed with Williams syndrome, who required anesthetic care for repair of subaortic and supravalvular aortic stenosis. The potential perioperative implications of Williams syndrome are discussed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Clinical TrialOne lung ventilation in infants and children: experience with Marraro double lumen tube.
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of selective bronchial intubation and independent lung ventilation during thoracic surgery in children up to 3 years, using a double lumen tube. ⋯ The double lumen tube appears to be very effective in allowing one lung ventilation in this age group during thoracic surgery.
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The ProSeal (PLMA) is a new laryngeal mask device with a modified cuff to improve the seal and a drain tube to provide access to the gastrointestinal tract. We assessed the performance of the size 2 (which has no dorsal cuff) and size 3 (which has a dorsal cuff) in terms of insertion success, efficacy of seal, tidal volume, gas exchange, fiberoptic position, gastric tube placement and frequency of problems. ⋯ The PLMA is an effective airway device in children and isolates the glottis from the esophagus when correctly positioned. Despite the lack of a dorsal cuff, the performance of the size 2 was similar to the size 3 PLMA in the age groups tested.