Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCaudal additives for postoperative pain management in children: S(+)-ketamine and neostigmine.
The aim of the present pilot study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of S(+)-ketamine either alone or in combination with neostigmine for caudal blockade in pediatric surgery. ⋯ This pilot study demonstrates equianalgesic effects on postoperative pain relief in children with both caudal S(+)-ketamine 1 mg.kg(-1) and caudal S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) plus neostigmine 10 microg.kg(-1). Further studies are required to confirm adoption of caudal neostigmine into routine clinical practice.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2005
Near-infrared spectroscopic cerebral oxygenation reading in neonates and infants is associated with central venous oxygen saturation.
The aim of the study was to elucidate easily determinable laboratory and vital parameters in clinical practice to explain variability of near-infrared spectroscopic cerebral oxygenation readings in critically ill newborns and infants using the NIRO 300 spectrometer. ⋯ Based on our study results cerebral tissue oxygenation readings by the NIRO 300 near-infrared spectrometer is influenced by central venous oxygen saturation, which partially explains intersubject variability of NIRS cerebral oxygenation readings.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2005
Clinical TrialSpontaneous ventilation with remifentanil in children.
Remifentanil is a short-acting drug that allows us to study the specific respiratory effects of potent opioid analgesics. The purpose of this study is to describe the effects of a remifentanil infusion during spontaneous ventilation in children. Pharmacokinetic studies provide useful information on the time course of opioid blood concentrations; however, they cannot be easily translated into infusion administration guidelines for pediatric clinical practice. ⋯ There is a large variation in the dose of remifentanil tolerated by children while breathing spontaneously under anesthesia. A respiratory rate of <10 b.min(-1) appears to be the best predictor of the maximum tolerated dose.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2005
Clinical TrialIntravenous ketamine sedation for painful oncology procedures.
The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy and adverse effects of intravenous (i.v.) ketamine sedation administered by nonanesthetist physicians for painful procedures. ⋯ Ketamine i.v. up to 2 mg.kg(-1) is an effective sedative for oncology procedures using a defined protocol.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2005
Case ReportsIntravenous patient-controlled analgesia using remifentanil in a child with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) using intravenous opioids is increasing in popularity for children aged 5 years and over. To our knowledge there are no reports on the use of PCA in children with remifentanil in the postoperative period. We report successful use of remifentanil for intravenous (IV) PCA in a child scheduled for suprasellar arachnoid cystectomy with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome who needed good postoperative analgesia because of accompanying serious problems.