Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2003
Influence of EEG monitoring on intraoperative stapedius reflex threshold values in cochlear implantation in children.
Cochlear implantation is a widely used means of treating deafness and severe hearing disorders. The surgical procedure includes inserting the cochlear implant electrode array into the cochlea and embedding the corresponding signal receiver in the mastoid bone behind the ear. Postoperative fitting of the externally worn speech processor is very important for successful use of the cochlear implant. For this purpose, electrically elicited stapedius reflex threshold values can be used. However, stapedius reflex threshold values measured intraoperatively are influenced by anaesthetics. The goal of this retrospective study was to find out whether electroencephalogram (EEG) control of anaesthesia produces more reliable reflex threshold values as a basis for the fitting of the speech processor. ⋯ Electroencephalogram monitoring in cochlear implantation is of considerable value in controlling anaesthesia and improving speech processor fitting based on more reliable intraoperative neurophysiological data.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2003
Case ReportsA long-term continuous infusion via a sciatic catheter in a 3-year-old boy.
We describe the case of a 3-year-old boy with a subtotal amputation of the right foot who received treatment for pain via a peripheral catheter positioned at the level of the sciatic nerve (lateral approach). We administered a continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine, 0.4 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) plus clonidine 0.12 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) for 21 days. Pain relief was complete and the patient did not require any further rescue analgesia throughout the period even during medications and surgical treatment in our intensive care unit. We discuss the safety and efficacy of the use of a peripheral continuous infusion in children compared with other techniques of analgesia.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOral high-dose midazolam premedication for infants and children undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral midazolam 1.5 mg x kg(-1) is a safe and effective alternative to standard-dose midazolam (0.5-1.0 mg x kg(-1)) premedication for infants and children with congenital heart disease. ⋯ Oral midazolam 1.5 mg x kg(-1) is excellent for preanaesthetic medication for infants and children undergoing cardiovascular surgery.