Paediatric anaesthesia
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This prospective study aimed to assess the extent of spread of dye in the epidural space and whether it would vary in direct proportion to the volume when injecting two volumes of dye. ⋯ There is a difference in quantitative as well as qualitative spread in different patients and in the same patient with different volumes. There were statistically significant increases in the number of segments, circumferential, anterior and posterior locations in the 1.0 ml group. Both extent and density of spread improve with the higher volume but not in direct proportion to volume. 1 ml.kg(-1) has a better quantitative as well as qualitative spread than 0.5 ml and has a better chance of producing adequate anaesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Target concentration of propofol required to insert the laryngeal mask airway in children.
The aim of this prospective study was to determine the target concentration (CPRED) curves for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in children. ⋯ The target-controlled infusion technique for anaesthesia induction and insertion of the LMA was a safe and effective technique in our study.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialKetamine and midazolam is an inappropriate preinduction combination in uncooperative children undergoing brief ambulatory procedures.
We prospectively studied the effects of intramuscular (i.m.) ketamine alone, or combined with midazolam, on mask acceptance and recovery in young children who were uncooperative during induction of anaesthesia. ⋯ It is concluded that ketamine/midazolam combination is not appropriate for preinduction of anaesthesia in paediatric ambulatory patients because of unacceptably prolonged recovery and delayed discharge times.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of halothane and sevoflurane on QT dispersion in paediatric patients.
The QT dispersion (QTd) of the ECG is an indirect measure of heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization which may contribute to complex ventricular arrhythmias. We compared the effects of halothane and sevoflurane on QTd, and heart-rate corrected QT dispersion (QTcd). ⋯ Neither sevoflurane nor halothane caused a significant increase in QTd compared with control values before induction. Only QTd following intubation was significantly greater in the halothane group than the sevoflurane group.