Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2001
ReviewReview of ethics in paediatric anaesthesia: research issues.
This is the second of a series of three articles reviewing the recent changes in the law in relation to ethics and the practice of paediatric anaesthesia. The review covers, in a practical question and answer format, the topics of consent, research, intensive care issues and organ donation in children.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effect on intraocular pressure of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask insertion during sevoflurane anaesthesia in children without the use of muscle relaxants.
We studied the effects of sevoflurane on intraocular pressure after induction in children undergoing either tracheal tube (TT) or laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion without a muscle relaxant ⋯ Sevoflurane does not prevent the increase in IOP after intubation without muscle relaxants. LMA does not increase IOP in children after sevoflurane induction.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2001
Assessment of pain by parents in young children following surgery.
We asked parents to assess pain in young children following surgery. ⋯ Our findings suggest that parents can assess pain in young children following surgery. The management of pain following discharge from hospital can be improved.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2001
Case ReportsAnaesthetic management and high frequency oscillatory ventilation.
In an effort to decrease morbidity and mortality, newer modes of mechanical ventilation have been introduced into the critical care arena. One such technique, high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) relies on respiratory rates greater than 150 b.min-1, small tidal volumes, and the maintenance of a constant distending pressure thereby limiting peak inflating pressure and potentially the incidence of barotrauma. ⋯ We present three infants who represent the perioperative applications of HFOV: (i) elective preoperative use to minimize lung movement and interference with surgical exposure during thoracotomy and PDA ligation; (ii) intraoperative application when progressive alterations in respiratory compliance led to ineffective intraoperative ventilation/oxygenation; and (iii) anaesthetic care for a neonate already receiving HFOV. The techniques of HFOV and previous reports of perioperative use are reviewed.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2001
Case ReportsAnaesthetic management of a child with a positive family history of malignant hyperthermia for posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position.
A 6-year-old boy with a positive family history of malignant hyperthermia presented for posterior fossa craniectomy and excision of medulloblastoma. A nontriggering anaesthetic was therefore planned using infusions of propofol and remifentanil and a vapour free anaesthetic system delivering an oxygen/air mixture. The surgery was carried out with the child in the sitting position.