Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Case ReportsAnaesthesia in a child with Hutchinson-Gildford progeria.
Hutchinson-Gildford syndrome is an extremely rare condition characterized by the appearance of accelerated ageing. Reports of general anaesthesia in a child with progeria within the last 20 years in the English-spoken literature are very rare. ⋯ The child had a past history of failed intubation. Key points in the management of anaesthesia in progeria are discussed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPrevention of vomiting after strabismus surgery in children: dexamethasone alone versus dexamethasone plus low-dose ondansetron.
Postoperative vomiting is a common complication after strabismus surgery. The combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron decreases vomiting after strabismus surgery, while dexamethasone alone decreases vomiting after tonsillectomy in children. We compared the effect of dexamethasone alone to ondansetron plus dexamethasone on postoperative vomiting among children undergoing strabismus surgery. ⋯ There was a remarkably low incidence of postoperative vomiting of 5%; with the combination of dexamethasone plus a low-dose of ondansetron which more effectively decreased vomiting after strabismus surgery in children when compared with dexamethasone alone.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe efficacy of oral clonidine premedication in the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children following strabismus surgery.
We evaluated the efficacy of clonidine given orally preoperatively for preventing postoperative vomiting (POV) in children undergoing propofol-nitrous oxide anaesthesia for strabismus surgery. Sixty children, ASA physical status I, aged 2-12 years, received diazepam, 0.4 mg x kg(-1) or clonidine, 4 microg x kg(-1) (n=30 each) orally, in a randomized double-blind manner. ⋯ No clinically adverse event was observed in any of the groups. In summary, pretreatment with oral clonidine enhances the antiemetic efficacy of propofol for the prevention of POV after paediatric strabismus surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialMorphine with or without a local anaesthetic for postoperative intrathecal pain treatment after selective dorsal rhizotomy in children.
Selective dorsal rhizotomy is a surgical procedure with a selective division of posterior spinal nerve rootlets to treat spasticity in children. The extensive surgical procedure with multilevel laminectomies and the nerve root manipulation result in intense pain postoperatively. Two intrathecal (IT) regimes of pain treatment were compared in these children, concerning their pain relief and possible side-effects. ⋯ Bupivacaine/morphine resulted in a lower, but not significant, difference in pruritus and lower muscle spasm. Haemodynamic and ventilatory parameters did not differ between the groups. Intrathecal continuous infusion of bupivacaine and morphine was superior to intermittent morphine in the treatment of pain after selective dorsal rhizotomy operations.