Journal of clinical nursing
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The aim of this paper was to review the current literature clinical decision-making models and the educational application of models to clinical practice. This was achieved by exploring the function and related research of the three available models of clinical decision making: information-processing model, the intuitive-humanist model and the clinical decision-making model. ⋯ It is proposed that clinical decision making improves as the nurse gains experience of nursing patients within a specific speciality and with experience, nurses gain a sense of saliency in relation to decision making. Experienced nurses may use all three forms of clinical decision making both independently and concurrently to solve nursing-related problems. It is suggested that O'Neill's clinical decision-making model could be tested by educators and experienced nurses to assess the efficacy of this hybrid approach to decision making.
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The aim of this investigation was to enhance the understanding of the concept of caring. ⋯ The findings explicate a cohesive process of caring. They provide insight into the human attributes and clinical milieu that are necessary for caring to emerge. They also offer clarity regarding the therapeutic benefits of caring.
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To determine patient outcomes of total hip arthroplasty and the research methods used to produce knowledge of use to clinical nursing and for purposes of health education. The review consists of three parts. Firstly, it describes the patient outcomes of total hip arthroplasty. Secondly, it addresses the factors related to the patient outcomes and thirdly the research methods used are explored. ⋯ The findings can be seen as a challenge for nurses to plan patients' education. It is also important that the outcomes of total hip arthroplasty correspond to patients' expectations. Patients' preoperative function should be taken into consideration when planning the timing of surgery so that the best possible outcomes were attainable.
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This paper provides an overview of nurses' working conditions in Japan, exploring tensions between nurses' rights to take leave from work to fulfil family and personal needs and their actual ability to take such leave. It also considers possible effects of being restricted from taking such leave. ⋯ Workplace issues are relevant to recruitment and retention and better conditions are likely to improve hospital functioning.
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The review examines from international research: the extent to which practitioners comply with infection control precautions; the pertinent issues that are considered influential in compliance; what strategies have been evaluated to instigate positive behaviour changes amongst practitioners and the effect of these interventions. ⋯ Compliance to infection control precautions is internationally suboptimal. The evidence confirms that compliance to specific aspects of standard/UPs varies, and practitioners are selective in their application of recommended practice. Compliance does improve following a structured intervention; however, research fails to indicate for how long the intervention affects practitioner compliance, or whether compliance after a period of time returns to the norm. Several reasons for non-compliance are discussed, and recommendations for future research are suggested. Relevance to clinical practice. Suboptimal compliance has significant implications for staff safety, patient protection and the care environment. Infection control teams and researchers need to consider the reasons for non-compliance and provide a supportive environment that is conducive to the routine, long-term application of standard precautions.