Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewApplications of blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in epilepsy.
The lifetime prevalence of epilepsy ranges from 2.7 to 12.4 per 1000 in Western countries. Around 30% of patients with epilepsy remain refractory to antiepileptic drugs and continue to have seizures. Noninvasive imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have helped to better understand mechanisms of seizure generation and propagation, and to localize epileptic, eloquent, and cognitive networks. In this review, the clinical applications of fMRI and DTI are discussed, for mapping cognitive and epileptic networks and organization of white matter tracts in individuals with epilepsy.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewBlood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for presurgical planning.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become a common tool for presurgical sensorimotor mapping, and is a significant preoperative asset for tumors located adjacent to the central sulcus. fMRI has changed surgical options for many patients. This noninvasive tool allows for easy display and integration with other neuroimaging techniques. ⋯ Tumors that affect the normal vascular coupling of neuronal activity will affect fMRI measurements. This article discusses the usefulness of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI with regard to preoperative motor mapping.