Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2019
ReviewSpontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a clinical syndrome that is increasingly recognized as an important and treatable secondary cause of headaches. Insight into the condition has evolved significantly over the past decade, resulting in a greater understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, development of new diagnostic imaging tools, and a broadening array of targeted treatment options. This article reviews the clinical presentation and pathogenesis of SIH, discusses the important role of imaging in diagnosis, and describes how imaging guides treatment.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2019
ReviewPercutaneous Vertebroplasty: A History of Procedure, Technology, Culture, Specialty, and Economics.
Percutaneous vertebroplasty (VP) progressed from a virtually unknown procedure to one performed on hundreds of thousands of patients annually. The development of VP provides a historically exciting case study into a rapidly adopted procedure. ⋯ It was designed as a revolutionary technique to treat vertebral body fractures with minimal side effects and was rapidly adopted and marketed in the United States. The impact of percutaneous vertebroplasty on spine surgery was profound.
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Sacral fractures result from high-impact trauma or in the form of insufficiency or pathologic fractures, resulting from osteoporosis, radiation therapy, or malignancy. In the emergency setting, the escalating use of computed tomography has substantially increased diagnosis of sacral fractures, which are frequently occult on radiographs. ⋯ Sacroplasty is a safe, minimally invasive treatment option for many types of sacral fractures. It provides rapid and durable pain relief, with a low incidence of complications.