Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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The mechanisms for regulating cerebral blood flow (CBF) are highly sensitive to traumatic brain injury (TBI). The perfusion imaging technique may be used to assess CBF and identify perfusion abnormalities following a TBI. Studies have identified CBF disturbances across the injury severity spectrum and correlations with both acute and long-term indices of clinical outcome. Although not yet widely used in the clinical context, this is an important area of ongoing research.
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The acute and long-term neurobiological sequelae of concussion (mild traumatic brain injury [mTBI]) and sub-concussive head trauma have become increasingly apparent in recent decades in part due to neuroimaging research. Although imaging has an established role in the clinical management of mTBI for the identification of intracranial lesions warranting urgent interventions, MR imaging is increasingly employed for the detection of post-traumatic sequelae which carry important prognostic significance. As neuroimaging research continues to elucidate the pathophysiology of TBI underlying prolonged recovery and the development of persistent post-concussive symptoms, there is a strong motivation to translate these techniques into clinical use for improved diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2023
ReviewClinical Updates in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Concussion).
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects > 3 million people in the United States annually. Although the number of deaths related to severe TBIs has stabalized, mild TBIs, often termed concussions, are increasing. As evidence indicates that a significant proportion of these mild injuries are associated with long-lasting functional deficits that impact work performance, social integration, and may predispose to later cognitive decline, it is important that we (a) recognize these injuries, (b) identify those at highest risk of poor recovery, and (c) initiate appropriate treatments promptly. We discuss the epidemiology of TBI, the most common persistent symptoms, and treatment approaches.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2023
ReviewThe Current State of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping in Head Trauma.
Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a MR imaging technique suited to detect structural and microstructural abnormalities in traumatic brain injury (TBI). This review article provide an insight in to the physics principles of SWI and its clinical application in unraveling the complex interaction of the biophysical mechanisms of head injury. ⋯ The review also detailed the emerging advance techniques of Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and artificial intelligence offer the ability to detect and follow the evolution of microbleeds in patient with chronic TBI. These new techniques offers a unique insight into the acute and chronic state of TBI.