Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2003
ReviewCysts and tumors of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and nasopharynx in children.
A wide variety of developmental and neoplastic lesions arise in the oral cavity, oropharynx, and nasopharynx in children. The clinical manifestations and cross-sectional imaging findings provide complementary information, which is used to establish a probable or definitive diagnosis. This article describes imaging techniques and findings for developmental cystic masses and solid tumors in the pediatric population.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2003
ReviewInfection of the facial area, oral cavity, oropharynx, and retropharynx.
Radiologists play an important role in the evaluation of upper neck infections. Although most oral cavity infections arise from diseased teeth, several other sources of infection need to be considered. The distinction between abscess and phlegmon is of particular importance. Cross-sectional imaging is frequently used to identify complications of the initial infection.
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The imaging work-up of patients with acute neurologic deficits should begin with noncontrast CT to exclude intracerebral hemorrhage. Based on positive results from the NINDS t-PA trial, the overriding objectives of imaging in the selection of patients for t-PA treatment are the detection of hemorrhage and rapid evaluation (speed of imaging). ⋯ Clinical outcome data are lacking; therefore, the routine use of screening MR imaging before t-PA therapy is not supported. Rigorous validation and correlation to clinical outcomes will be required.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2003
ReviewExamining the role of cranial CT in the evaluation of patients with minor head injury: a systematic review.
This systematic review demonstrates that, in patients sustaining minor head injury with a history of loss of consciousness or amnesia, the proportion who subsequently have positive CT scans is not negligible. Published clinical prediction rules for selecting patients for subsequent CT examination are associated with a trade-off between sensitivity and specificity; therefore, a prediction rule with high sensitivity is expected to have relatively low specificity. Separate evaluation of the literature is required to determine the significance of positive and negative CT scans with respect to patient outcome.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2003
ReviewExamining the role of cranial CT in the evaluation of patients with minor head injury: a systematic review.
This systematic review demonstrates that, in patients sustaining minor head injury with a history of loss of consciousness or amnesia, the proportion who subsequently have positive CT scans is not negligible. Published clinical prediction rules for selecting patients for subsequent CT examination are associated with a trade-off between sensitivity and specificity; therefore, a prediction rule with high sensitivity is expected to have relatively low specificity. Separate evaluation of the literature is required to determine the significance of positive and negative CT scans with respect to patient outcome.