International archives of allergy and immunology
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2020
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Observational StudyMepolizumab in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma: A 2-Year Follow-Up in Specialized Asthma Clinics in Greece: An Interim Analysis.
Mepolizumab is a monoclonal antibody against IL-5 for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. The aim of the current study was to present a predesigned interim analysis of the data of patients who have completed 1 year of therapy with mepolizumab. ⋯ We have shown that in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, 1 year of treatment with mepolizumab was safe, resulted in significant reduction of the annual exacerbation rate, reduction (or even discontinuation) of the needed dose of OCS, and improvements of asthma control and lung function.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2020
ReviewStrategies to Prevent SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Eosinophilic Disease in Association with COVID-19 Vaccination and Infection.
A vaccine to protect against COVID-19 is urgently needed. Such a vaccine should efficiently induce high-affinity neutralizing antibodies which neutralize SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19. However, there is a concern regarding both vaccine-induced eosinophilic lung disease and eosinophil-associated Th2 immunopotentiation following infection after vaccination. Here, we review the anticipated characteristics of a COVID-19 vaccine to avoid vaccine-associated eosinophil immunopathology.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2020
Meta AnalysisPredisposition to Hyperthyroidism May Be Influenced by Functional TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10 Polymorphisms: A Meta-Analysis.
Predisposition to hyperthyroidism may be influenced by functional gene polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). However, the results of the studies published so far remain discrepant, so we conducted a meta-analysis to more robustly investigate relationships between TNF-α/IL-1/IL-4/IL-6/IL-10 polymorphisms and predisposition to hyperthyroidism. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggests that TNF-α -308 G/A, IL-1A -889 C/T, IL-1B -511 C/T, IL-6 -174 G/C, IL-6 -572 G/C, IL-10 -819 C/T, and IL-10 -1,082 A/G polymorphisms may influence predisposition to hyperthyroidism in certain ethnic groups.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2020
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Mepolizumab Effectiveness in a Real-Life Setting.
Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is the principal cytokine regulating eosinophil growth, differentiation, activation, and expression. It is a specific target of mepolizumab, an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. This new drug can improve symptoms, reduce asthma exacerbations and steroid use. Few data are available on its efficacy for nasal symptoms. ⋯ Our study suggests that mepolizumab is effective in improving control of asthma, lung function parameters, exhaled biomarkers, and nasal symptoms in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2020
Prevalence and Impact of Type I Sensitization to Alpha-Gal in Patients Consulting an Allergy Unit.
Alpha-gal syndrome is a complex allergy with high clinical relevance regarding mammalian-derived food and drugs and is characterized by the presence of IgE antibodies directed at the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose. As not all alpha-gal sIgE-positive individuals pre-sent clinical symptoms upon consumption of mammalian meat, the diagnostic value of alpha-gal sIgE has yet to be clarified. ⋯ In allergy care settings, alpha-gal-sIgE positivity is a common finding. Alpha-gal sIgE is a sensitive marker in the diagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome but has limited predictive value for the characteristics or severity of this allergy.