The American journal of the medical sciences
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Review Case Reports
Acute Trimethyltin Poisoning Caused by Exposure to Polyvinyl Chloride Production: 8 Cases.
This manuscript aimed to describe and analyze acute trimethyltin poisoning caused by exposure to polyvinyl chloride production and review the literature. Combined with an analysis of occupational hygiene survey data, the clinical data of 8 cases of acute trimethyltin poisoning were analyzed retrospectively. ⋯ Early positive potassium supplementation and symptomatic treatment are beneficial to the improvement of the condition. The early recognition of central nervous system manifestations and hypokalemia is beneficial for early diagnosis and correct treatment.
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Review Case Reports
Concomitant Acute Tubular Necrosis and Acute Interstitial Nephritis Induced by Tipifarnib in a Patient with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung.
Tipifarnib is a novel targeted treatment for hematologic malignancies that is being recently studied for the treatment of advanced solid organ tumors with HRAS mutations. There have been scarce reports on kidney adverse events in initial phase I and II trials. ⋯ Kidney biopsy revealed acute tubular necrosis together with acute interstitial nephritis. Tipifarnib was discontinued and the patient was started with high-dose corticosteroids with an early taper completing a five-week steroid course, with full recovery of kidney function.
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β-thalassemia is a lethal inherited disease resulting from β-globin gene mutations. Severe β-thalassemia requires regular blood transfusions. Other active interventions, including iron chelating, stem cell transplantation and gene therapy, have remarkably improved the quality of life and prolonged the survival of patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia, but all with significant limitations and complications. ⋯ Single nucleotide polymorphism in miRNA genes or their targeted genes might also contribute to the abnormal expression of hemoglobin. Moreover, changes in the expression of miR-125b, miR-210, miR-451, and miR-609 reflect the severity of anemia and hemolysis in β-thalassemia patients. These results suggest that miRNAs are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of β-thalassemia, and miRNA-based therapeutic strategy might be used as a coordinated approach for effectively treating β-thalassemia.
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Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disorder associated with a variety of disease processes that lead to acute lung injury with increased non-hydrostatic extravascular lung water, reduced compliance, and severe hypoxemia. Despite significant advances, mortality associated with this syndrome remains high. ⋯ Although, the management of ARDS is constantly evolving as new studies are published and guidelines being updated; we present a detailed review of the literature including the most up-to-date studies and guidelines in the management of ARDS. We believe this review is particularly helpful in the current times where more than half of the acute care hospitals lack in-house intensivists and the burden of ARDS is at large.