The American journal of the medical sciences
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Review Case Reports
Pyo-pericardium secondary to bacteremia in intra-venous drug user.
Pyo-pericardium is a collection of purulent fluid in the pericardial sac. It is a rare finding seen in less than 1% of patients who develop acute pericarditis. The condition, though uncommon, has a mortality risk of 100% in untreated patients and 40% in treated patients. ⋯ Unlike reported cases, we present a case of pyo-pericardium in a 37-year-old woman with bacteremia from a wound infection on her leg secondary to IV drug use. Needle embolization was ruled out in our case as no foreign object was identified on echocardiography or CT scan. Prompt identification followed by aggressive treatment with pericardial window and systemic antibiotics is crucial for decreasing mortality in such high-risk patients.
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The association between statins and incident diabetes mellitus (DM) in observational studies is much larger than that reported from randomized controlled trials. We sought to assess this association using a novel design controlling for selection bias. ⋯ Statin use was strongly associated with incident diabetes when users were compared to non-users but not when continuers were compared to discontinuers. Selection bias confounds the association between statin use and incident diabetes in observational studies.
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Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), which involves severe inflammation and edema, is an inevitable feature of the lung transplantation process and leads to primary graft dysfunction (PGD). The activation of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) modulates fluid transport in the alveolar space. The current study investigated the role of AQP1 in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced lung injury. ⋯ AQP1 may exert a protective effect against IR-induced lung injury, which could be attributed to alleviating pulmonary edema and inflammation. AQP1 upregulation might be a potential application to alleviate lung IRI and decrease the incidence of PGD.