The American journal of the medical sciences
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Tacrolimus combined with corticosteroids in treatment of nephrotic idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, is usually treated with corticosteroids in combination with cyclophosphamide or cyclosporine. A recent placebo-controlled study suggested that tacrolimus monotherapy was effective in IMN. However, the effectiveness of tacrolimus versus classic regimen and its potential nephrotoxicity remain inconclusive. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus plus prednisone in patients with nephrotic IMN. ⋯ Tacrolimus plus corticosteroids is an alternative therapeutic regimen for nephrotic IMN. The short-term efficacy might be better than cyclophosphamide plus prednisone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Black and white female adolescents lose vitamin D metabolites into urine.
The black American population has a higher prevalence of salt sensitivity compared with the white American population. Dahl salt-sensitive rats, models of salt-induced hypertension, excrete protein-bound vitamin D metabolites into urine, a process that is accelerated during high salt intake. We tested the hypothesis that urinary vitamin D metabolite content and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) binding activity of black female adolescents would be greater than that of white female adolescents. ⋯ Urinary loss of vitamin D metabolites may be one cause of low vitamin D status, in addition to low dietary intake and reduced skin synthesis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a multicenter, randomized, parallel group study.
Basal insulin is frequently administered once daily. This subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized, parallel study compared insulin glargine (Lantus Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ) with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, evaluating only patients treated previously with once-daily NPH insulin. ⋯ Bedtime insulin glargine is as effective as bedtime NPH insulin in improving glycemic control, with significantly less hypoglycemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative efficacy and potency of long-term therapy with glipizide or glyburide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Long-term studies on the comparative efficacy and relative potency of glipizide and glyburide are sparse and controversial. ⋯ Glipizide and glyburide are effective in controlling hyperglycemia with similar doses in DM2. Glipizide exhibits greater reduction in FPG and 2PPG at 6 months. Additional studies are needed to validate equipotency of these drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Racial differences in ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiographic left ventricular geometry.
We examined the racial differences in left ventricular (LV) geometric pattern in relation to 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and the presence or absence of a nocturnal BP dip. Our study confirms the blunting of nocturnal BP dip among black hypertensives. Body mass index, rather than race, was a major determinant of left ventricular hypertrophy. ⋯ A six-fold higher prevalence of concentric remodeling was observed in blacks as compared with whites. The impaired nocturnal BP dip in blacks may contribute to the different hemodynamic pattern. Determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption were significantly higher in black hypertensives.