The American journal of the medical sciences
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Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a multicenter, randomized, parallel group study.
Basal insulin is frequently administered once daily. This subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized, parallel study compared insulin glargine (Lantus Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ) with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, evaluating only patients treated previously with once-daily NPH insulin. ⋯ Bedtime insulin glargine is as effective as bedtime NPH insulin in improving glycemic control, with significantly less hypoglycemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative efficacy and potency of long-term therapy with glipizide or glyburide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Long-term studies on the comparative efficacy and relative potency of glipizide and glyburide are sparse and controversial. ⋯ Glipizide and glyburide are effective in controlling hyperglycemia with similar doses in DM2. Glipizide exhibits greater reduction in FPG and 2PPG at 6 months. Additional studies are needed to validate equipotency of these drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Racial differences in ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiographic left ventricular geometry.
We examined the racial differences in left ventricular (LV) geometric pattern in relation to 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and the presence or absence of a nocturnal BP dip. Our study confirms the blunting of nocturnal BP dip among black hypertensives. Body mass index, rather than race, was a major determinant of left ventricular hypertrophy. ⋯ A six-fold higher prevalence of concentric remodeling was observed in blacks as compared with whites. The impaired nocturnal BP dip in blacks may contribute to the different hemodynamic pattern. Determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption were significantly higher in black hypertensives.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Bedtime dosing of glyburide and the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.
Suppression of nocturnal hepatic glucose production is key in the treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In this article, the authors compare the effectiveness of dosing glyburide at bedtime versus in the morning on glycemic control in patients with NIDDM under suboptimal control. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial, 32 patients with NIDDM with suboptimal control on chronic glyburide treatment fulfilling entry criteria were randomized to receive one of two regimens: (1) glyburide at bedtime and placebo in morning or (2) placebo at bedtime and glyburide in the morning. ⋯ At the end of 12 months, nighttime dosing resulted in better home glucose monitoring values, fasting blood sugar results, and Sustacal tolerance profiles, but the differences were not statistically significant. No hypoglycemia was observed in the monitored data collected. Bedtime dosing of glyburide resulted in measurable improvement in fasting blood sugar and carbohydrate tolerance curves, but not to a degree justifying general recommendation of this technique in patients with NIDDM with secondary failure to oral agents.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Sodium kinetics in white and black normotensive subjects: possible relevance to salt-sensitive hypertension.
The hypothesis that sodium (Na) kinetics are not a first order process was tested. Twelve normotensive white and 12 normotensive black men were given 10, 200, and 400 mmol/d Na as the chloride salt for 7 days in random order. All urine made was collected. ⋯ The data showed that T1/2 increases with increasing Na intake and is, therefore, dose-dependent or "zero" order. The effect of dose is more prominent in blacks than in whites; blacks accumulate more Na with increasing Na intake than whites. These data may have relevance for the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension in blacks.