Seminars in pediatric surgery
-
Advances in neonatal management have resulted in dramatic increases in survival in infants with birth weights less than 1,500 g. Extensive basic science and clinical research has led to a more comprehensive understanding of the physiological differences between the VLBW infant and larger neonates. Meticulous attention must be paid to appropriate fluid, electrolyte, nutrition, and temperature maintenance to achieve homeostasis and growth. Additionally, the clinician must be aware of the diagnostic and treatment modalities for the common complications seen in the premature infant to minimize mortality and long-term morbidity.
-
Semin. Pediatr. Surg. · May 2000
ReviewNecrotizing enterocolitis in infants with very low birth weight.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease in which the primary risk factor is prematurity. Despite, and partially as a result of, the tremendous strides neonatal care has taken, it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of the newborn. ⋯ The outcomes continue to improve, but there are significant sequelae. Prevention, which would be the best "cure," is elusive, in no small part because of the multifactorial nature of the etiology of NEC.