Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A randomised comparison of the LMA SupremeTM and LMAProSealTM in children.
We conducted a randomised trial comparing the size-2 LMA Supreme™ with the LMA ProSeal™ in 60 children undergoing surgery. The outcomes measured were airway leak pressure, ease and time for insertion, fibreoptic examination, incidence of gastric insufflation, ease of gastric tube placement, quality of the airway during anaesthetic maintenance and complications. ⋯ Both devices provided effective ventilation requiring minimal airway manipulation. The LMA Supreme can be a useful alternative to the LMA ProSeal when single-use supraglottic devices with gastric access capabilities are required.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of magnesium sulphate on postoperative coagulation, measured by rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®)).
We investigated the effects of magnesium sulphate on blood coagulation profiles using rotational thromboelastometry in gynaecological patients undergoing pelviscopic surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to the magnesium group (n = 20) or control group (n = 20). ⋯ Postoperative clotting time, clot formation time, α-angle and maximum clot firmness of INTEM, and clot formation time, α-angle, and maximum clot firmness of EXTEM were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). Intra-operative infusion of magnesium sulphate seems to attenuate postoperative hypercoagulability by maintaining magnesium levels at the upper limit of the normal range.
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Many anaesthetic agents affect intra-ocular pressure, yet little is known about nitrous oxide and intra-ocular pressure. This study assessed the effect of nitrous oxide on intra-ocular pressure in 20 healthy adult volunteers. The intra-ocular pressure was measured at baseline, while breathing a 70:30 mix of nitrous oxide and oxygen for 12 min, and then while breathing room air for 15 min. ⋯ There was no significant difference in intra-ocular pressure between baseline and during or after nitrous oxide inhalation. Several differences in intra-ocular pressure were noted between internal time-points: pressure increased by 2.4 mmHg between 3 and 6 min of breathing nitrous oxide (p=0.01); it increased by 1.4 mmHg between 3 and 9 min of breathing nitrous oxide (p=0.046); and it decreased by 2.2 mmHg between 6 min of breathing nitrous oxide and 15 min of breathing room air (p=0.035). This study indicates that nitrous oxide inhalation does not significantly change intra-ocular pressure from baseline values in a population of healthy adults.