Der Anaesthesist
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Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with an incidence of 1:10,000-1:40,000 caused by deficient genetic imprinting in the chromosomal segment 15q11-q13. Experimental data suggest that the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptor as well as the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionic acid (AMPA) receptors may be affected by this condition. The first description of the syndrome goes back to 1965 when the British pediatrician Harry Angelman (1915-1996) recognized similar clinical features in three children. ⋯ Although epilepsy is the primary feature of AS, not every EEG alteration indicates the presence of epilepsy. The advantage in using neuromonitoring for measuring the depth of anesthesia is limited. Administration of anticonvulsants must be continued if they were used preoperatively.
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The quality of chest compression is a determinant of survival after cardiac arrest. Therefore, the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) 2010 guidelines on resuscitation strongly focus on compression quality. Despite its impact on survival, observational studies have shown that chest compression quality is not reached by professional rescue teams. ⋯ Multiple studies have demonstrated sustainable enhancement in the education of resuscitation due to the use of real-time feedback technology. There is evidence that real-time feedback for resuscitation combined with training and debriefing strategies can improve both resuscitation quality and patient survival. Chest compression quality is an independent predictor for survival in resuscitation and should therefore be measured and documented in further clinical multicenter trials.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Tonsillotomy and adenotonsillectomy in childhood. Study on postoperative pain therapy].
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether the combination of i.v. ketoprofen and i.v. paracetamol provides superior postoperative analgesia in children undergoing adenoidectomy or tonsillotomy compared to either drug alone. The secondary goal was to assess the time until rescue analgesia was needed, propofol requirements and the incidence of vomiting and time of discharge from the postanaesthesia recovery unit (PARU). ⋯ The combination of i.v. paracetamol and i.v. ketoprofen provides superior postoperative analgesia compared to the single use of paracetamol.
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In the case presented an intravenous line for large volume infusion rates was to be placed in a patient with an aortic aneurysm during clinical preoperative care. After a high-flow catheter had been placed without any problems retraction of the guide wire was found to be impossible. Computer tomography revealed that the reason was a kink in the catheter resulting in the guide wire being nipped off. Fortunately both catheter and guide wire could be removed completely without any further complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
[Perivascular brachial plexus block. Ultrasound versus nerve stimulator].
Optimizing the needle position using ultrasound (US) instead of electrical nerve stimulation (NSt) is increasingly common for perivascular brachial plexus block. These two methods were compared in a prospective, randomized, single-blinded controlled trial regarding effectiveness and time of onset of peripheral nerve blockade. ⋯ The use of ultrasound in perivascular brachial plexus blocks leads to significantly higher success rates and shorter times of onset.