Der Anaesthesist
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In primary and secondary brain diseases, increasing volumes of the three compartments of brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or blood lead to a critical increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). A rising ICP is associated with typical clinical symptoms; however, during analgosedation it can only be detected by invasive ICP monitoring. ⋯ The most relevant parameter for brain perfusion is cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), which is calculated as the difference between the middle arterial pressure (MAP) and the ICP. A mixed body of evidence exists for the different ICP-reducing treatment measures, such as hyperventilation, hyperosmolar substances, hypothermia, glucocorticosteroids, CSF drainage, and decompressive surgery.
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In the last 10 years interventional neuroradiology has become established especially in the endovascular treatment of aneurysms as the preferred treatment according to level 1 evidence and more recently in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. These interventions are performed as routine procedures in an increasing number of centers. ⋯ As a further challenge there are different aspects to be considered in elective procedures and emergency procedures where time is brain. This article highlights these aspects for the two most common procedures: aneurysm treatment and multimodal recanalization treatment for acute ischemic stroke.