Der Anaesthesist
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Review Case Reports
[Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : Case series of prehospital and in-hospital therapys].
Despite new concepts and strategies of basic and advanced life support, the outcome of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains poor. The main reason accounting for these poor results is a low-flow phase during conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with insufficient end organ perfusion. The early use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vaECMO) during CPR, i.e. extracorporeal resuscitation (ECPR) might improve OHCA survival rates as well as the neurological outcome in resuscitated patients. ⋯ Early ECPR might improve the outcome in patients with prolonged cardiac arrest without ROSC. The use of ECPR should be based on the individual decision of an experienced ECPR team considering defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. As the outcome mainly depends on the duration and quality of conventional CPR, ECPR support should be requested immediately after establishing advanced life support (approximately 10-15 min).
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Living in a multicultural society is characterized by different attitudes caused by a variety of religions and cultures. In intensive care medicine such a variety of cultural aspects with respect to pain, shame, bodiliness, dying and death is of importance in this scenario. ⋯ Intercultural competence is crucial in intensive care medicine and includes knowledge of social and cultural influences of different attitudes on health and illness, the abstraction from own attitudes and the acceptance of other or foreign attitudes.
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Review Historical Article
[Long QT syndrome : History, genetics, clinical symptoms, causes and therapy].
The long QT syndrome is caused by a change in cardiac repolarization due to functional ion channel defects. A differentiation is made between a congenital (cLQTS) and an acquired (aLQTS) form of the disease. ⋯ This article summarizes the current knowledge on the history, pathophysiology, clinical symptoms and therapy of cLQTS and aLQTS. This knowledge of pathophysiological features of the symptoms allows the underlying anesthesiological approach for individualized perioperative concepts for patients suffering from LQTS to be derived.