Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America
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Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am · Oct 2019
ReviewPsychotropic Medication for Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders.
Psychotropic medications are commonly used in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. This article reviews the evidence base on psychotropic medications, including all randomized trials, uncontrolled trials, and case reports for the treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, other specified feeding and eating disorders, binge-eating disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Despite advances in the number of medication-based studies completed in young patients with eating disorders over the last 2 decades, significantly more work needs to be done in terms of identifying what role, if any, psychotropic medications can have on treatment outcomes.
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Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am · Jul 2018
Crisis in the Emergency Department: The Evaluation and Management of Acute Agitation in Children and Adolescents.
Acute agitation in children and adolescents in the emergency department carries significant risks to patients and staff and requires skillful management, using both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies. Effective management of agitation requires understanding and addressing the multifactorial cause of the agitation. ⋯ Nonpharmacologic deescalation strategies should be first line for preventing and managing agitation and should continue during and after medication administration. Choice of medication should focus on addressing the cause of the agitation and any underlying psychiatric syndromes.
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Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am · Apr 2018
ReviewInattention to Problematic Media Use Habits: Interaction Between Digital Media Use and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
As digital media (DM) access among youths continues to surge, caregivers and clinicians are concerned about problems associated with its excessive use. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have an increased risk of experiencing negative effects on sleep, academic achievement, attention, and cognitive skills. ADHD symptom severity and circumstances of DM access are among the factors that mediate these negative effects. Key interventions for parents and clinicians to assist youths with problematic DM habits and opportunities for advocacy groups and the DM industry for public health interventions are discussed.
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Opioid use and addiction in adolescents and young adults is a health problem of epidemic proportions, with devastating consequences for youth and their families. Opioid overdose is a life-threatening emergency that should be treated with naloxone, and respiratory support if necessary. ⋯ Treatment for OUDs is effective but treatment capacity is alarmingly limited and under-developed. Emerging consensus supports the incorporation of relapse prevention medications such as buprenorphine and extended release naltrexone into comprehensive psychosocial treatment including counseling and family involvement.
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Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am · Jul 2015
Review Case ReportsFamily Beliefs and Interventions in Pediatric Pain Management.
Whether a child has to endure a procedure that incurs acute pain or a child has chronic pain, the impact on the family, especially parents, can be profound. Parents need to be active members of their child's health care team; however, they are often ill equipped to cope with either acute pain stressors or longstanding chronic pain in their children. This article provides an overview of acute and chronic pain, the impact of parent factors on pediatric pain, parental assessments of parent functioning, and parent-based interventions for pediatric pain management. Case examples are used to illustrate the treatments presented.