Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
-
The crucial role of the endothelium in sepsis is well recognized. The aim of this study was to establish a flow model to study endothelial activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or by plasma from septic patients. We report on the application of this model to assess the effect of adsorbent-based cytokine modulation on endothelial activation. ⋯ The flow model allows to study endothelial activation and the interaction of activated endothelial cells with blood cells. Cytokine modulation with PS-DVB polymers reduced endothelial activation and decreased monocyte adhesion.(Figure is included in full-text article.).
-
Local drug application is used to avoid systemic side effects. We analysed whether locally applied Iloprost (PGI2-analogue) or Nitroglycerin (NO-donor) influence gastric mucosal perfusion (μflow) and oxygenation (μHbO2) during physiological and haemorrhagic conditions. ⋯ Strategischer Forschungsfonds.
-
Sepsis is a life threatening condition but its toll on human health extends way beyond the acute episode. Sepsis induced immune dysfunction has been suggested to be responsible for susceptibility to opportunistic infection, viral reactivation and reduced lifespan in sepsis survivors. ⋯ These results suggest that in addition to the short lasting endotoxin tolerance phenomenon observed with monocytes/macrophages following a first LPS encounter, another long lasting process exists at the NK cell levels, associated with a functional reprogramming. Thus, the modified immune status of NK cells long after a first LPS encounter was associated with an enhanced resistance.
-
Observational Study
Perioperative Programmed Death-1 Expression on CD4+ T Cells Predicts the Incidence of Postoperative Infectious Complications.
Programmed death 1 (PD-1) has been reported to be an immunoinhibitory receptor expressed by chronically stimulated T cells after T-cell activation. The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between perioperative PD-1 expression on CD4 T cells and the incidence of postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing gastroenterological surgery. ⋯ The perioperative CD4 T-cell count or PD-1 expression on CD4 T cells may be early predictive markers for the development of postoperative infectious complications.
-
The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors (S1PR1-5) in septic cardiomyopathy is not known. The S1P mimetic FTY720-P acts as an agonist on all S1P receptors except S1PR2 and as a functional antagonist on S1PR1. ⋯ We show here for the first time that the impaired left ventricular systolic contractility caused by LPS/PepG is attenuated by a pharmacological or genetic approach to alter S1P-serum levels. Mechanistically, our results indicate that activation of S1PR2 by increased serum S1P and the subsequent activation of PI3K signalling contribute to the observed cardioprotective effect of FTY720 in experimental sepsis.