Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Trauma injury and hemorrhagic shock frequently leads to the imbalance of immune system known as Systemic Inflammatory Response syndrome (SIRS) and is connected to the morbidity or mortality. Pro and Anti- inflammatory, which play a significant role in the development of multiple organ failure (MOF). This study investigates the serum cytokines levels in patients with trauma hemorrhagic shock and the association of these cytokines with clinical outcome. ⋯ In trauma hemorrhagic shock, increased IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-12 are detected while compared to normal healthy control. In these patients, increased IL-8 value in nonsurvivors as compared to survivors. This study suggests a much higher degree of activation of immune-inflammatory in T/HS than in normal healthy control. Increased IL-8 values were found to be reliable markers of mortality following T/HS.
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Sepsis is an enormous public health issue and the leading cause of death in critically ill patients in intensive care units. Overwhelming inflammation, characterized by cytokine storm, oxidative threats, and neutrophil sequestration, is an underlying component of sepsis-associated organ failure. Despite recent advances in sepsis research, there is still no effective treatment available beyond the standard of care and supportive therapy. ⋯ Although the detrimental role of ER stress during infections has been demonstrated, there is growing evidence that ER stress participates in the pathogenesis of sepsis. In this review, we summarize current research in the context of ER stress and UPR signaling associated with sepsis and its related clinical conditions, such as trauma-hemorrhage and ischemia/reperfusion injury. We also discuss the potential implications of ER stress as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in patients with sepsis.
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Alcohols' influence on trauma patients (TP) remains controversial. Alcohol was associated with neuroprotective effects in TBI, while others reported negative or no effects on survival and/or in-hospital stay in TP. Here, the relationship of alcohol with injury characteristics and outcome and its possible anti-inflammatory effects in major TP were analyzed. ⋯ Positive BAC appears not to markedly influence the outcome after trauma. Alcohols' immune-suppressive effects have been observed in reduced leukocyte cell numbers and systemic IL-6 levels. The relevance of this immune-suppression for the clinical outcome remains to be elucidated in larger prospective clinical studies.
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Systemic inflammation is a well-known risk factor for respiratory muscle weakness. Studies using animal models of inflammation have shown that endotoxin administration induces diaphragm dysfunction. However, the effects of in vivo endotoxin administration on diaphragm function in humans have not been studied. Our aim was to evaluate diaphragm function in a model of systemic inflammation in healthy subjects. ⋯ This study shows that, in contrast to diaphragm dysfunction observed in animal models of inflammation, in vivo diaphragm contractility is augmented in the early phase after low-dose endotoxin administration in humans.
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Excessive release of inflammatory cytokines that induces hematopoietic progenitor cell apoptosis lead to the persistent anaemia which results delay recovery of patients with trauma hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). Therefore, aim was to investigate of the correlation of serum cytokines on in-vitro hematopoietic progenitor cells growth among T/HS patients. This study investigates the serum cytokines levels in patients with trauma hemorrhagic shock and correlation with hematopoietic stem cell growth/differentiation. ⋯ Our studies suggested hematopoietic stem cell growth suppressed by serum levels of cytokines TNF-α, and IL6. Further studies need to be undertaken to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies for TNF-α and IL-6 in the given setting.