Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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The crucial role of the endothelium in sepsis is well recognized. The aim of this study was to establish a flow model to study endothelial activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or by plasma from septic patients. We report on the application of this model to assess the effect of adsorbent-based cytokine modulation on endothelial activation. ⋯ The flow model allows to study endothelial activation and the interaction of activated endothelial cells with blood cells. Cytokine modulation with PS-DVB polymers reduced endothelial activation and decreased monocyte adhesion.(Figure is included in full-text article.).
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Early detection of trauma haemorrhage and coagulopathy has been associated with improved outcomes. We assessed infrastructure, logistics and management of trauma haemorrhage and coagulopathy across German trauma centres. ⋯ There is variation in the management of haemorrhage/ coagulopathy across German trauma centres. Though bleeding patients depend on structured procedures, more than a third of the respondents declare they do not follow a treatment algorithm. NOACs are considered as an increasing problem in trauma care.
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The aim of our work was a red blood cell deformation (rheological marker) at different degrees of severity of experimental hemorrhagic shock. The study of erythrocyte deformability violation and a compulsory monitoring of this physical value deserve more attention of fundamental and applied sciences. ⋯ The index of RBC deformability in control group was 2,25 ± 0,03%. Data shows that index deformability decreases at increase in number of hemorrhagical shock' stage (12% - one subgroup, 13% - second subgroup and 15% - third subgroup). The analysis of the data was performed using statistical programs "Origin 4.1" (Microsoft. Software, Ivc) and Microsoft Excel. All received results was evaluated statistically and significance of differences between mean values were assessed by Student's Criterion. The conditions for conducting the work on animals corresponded to the European Convention on the protection of experimental animals, adopted in 1986 in Strasbourg and for the conducting the experiment the consent of Ethics Committee was obtained.
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Due to the limited sample volume (total blood volume is 1.5-2.5 mL), metabolic parameter sets in mice are usually assessed by killing a defined number of animals at selected time points with subsequent analysis of pooled plasma. However, reducing the number of animals used is a cornerstone of the ARRIVE guidelines, and, moreover, may reduce costs and workload. Therefore, we developed a stable-isotope-based gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method to allow for serial quantification of metabolic pathways in mice. ⋯ This method enables simultaneous, repetitive in vivo monitoring of kidney function (glomerular filtration), determinants of energy metabolism (glycolysis, lipolysis), and nitrogen balance as a function of hepatic urea production and protein degradation (leucine production).
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The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors (S1PR1-5) in septic cardiomyopathy is not known. The S1P mimetic FTY720-P acts as an agonist on all S1P receptors except S1PR2 and as a functional antagonist on S1PR1. ⋯ We show here for the first time that the impaired left ventricular systolic contractility caused by LPS/PepG is attenuated by a pharmacological or genetic approach to alter S1P-serum levels. Mechanistically, our results indicate that activation of S1PR2 by increased serum S1P and the subsequent activation of PI3K signalling contribute to the observed cardioprotective effect of FTY720 in experimental sepsis.