American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialSmooth Muscle in the Maintenance of Increased Airway Resistance Elicited by Methacholine in Humans.
Airway narrowing is maintained for a prolonged period after acute bronchoconstriction in humans in the absence of deep inspirations (DIs). ⋯ The maintenance of airway narrowing despite MCh clearance in humans is attributed to an intrinsic ability of ASM to maintain shortening during a progressive decrease of contractile stimulation.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialAutologous Transfusion of Stored Red Blood Cells Increases Pulmonary Artery Pressure.
Transfusion of erythrocytes stored for prolonged periods is associated with increased mortality. Erythrocytes undergo hemolysis during storage and after transfusion. Plasma hemoglobin scavenges endogenous nitric oxide leading to systemic and pulmonary vasoconstriction. ⋯ Transfusion of autologous leukoreduced blood stored for 40 days was associated with increased plasma hemoglobin levels and increased pulmonary artery pressure. Breathing nitric oxide prevents the increase of pulmonary artery pressure produced by transfusing stored blood. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01529502).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyProtocol-based Treatment of Septic Shock, Fibrinolysis for Submassive Pulmonary Embolism, and Use of Corticosteroids in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Requiring Mechanical Ventilation.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialLong-term Effects of Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity on Sleep at School-age.
Apnea of prematurity is a common condition that is usually treated with caffeine, an adenosine receptor blocker that has powerful influences on the central nervous system. However, little is known about the long-term effects of caffeine on sleep in the developing brain. ⋯ Therapeutic neonatal caffeine administration has no long-term effects on sleep duration or sleep apnea during childhood. Ex-preterm infants, regardless of caffeine status, are at risk for obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movements in later childhood.