American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2015
Clinical and Immunological Factors in Emphysema Progression: 5-year Prospective LES-COPD Study.
Cross-sectional studies of T-cell responses to self-antigens correlate with baseline emphysema severity. ⋯ The rate of emphysema progression quantified by CT scans among ever-smokers was highly variable; clinical factors and biomarkers explained only some of the variability. Aggressive clinical care that targets active smokers with autoreactive T cells and low BMI may temporize progression of emphysema.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2015
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in the NICU Environment.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a prevalent yet poorly characterized pulmonary complication of premature birth; the current definition is based solely on oxygen dependence at 36 weeks postmenstrual age without objective measurements of structural abnormalities across disease severity. ⋯ Pulmonary MRI reveals quantifiable, significant differences between patients with BPD, premature patients without BPD, and full-term control subjects. These methods could be implemented to individually phenotype disease, which may impact clinical care and predict future outcomes.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2015
Biomarker Development for COPD: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Regrettably, there are no biomarkers to objectively diagnose COPD exacerbations, which are the major drivers of hospitalization and deaths from COPD. ⋯ Although there has been a tremendous investment in COPD biomarker discovery over the past 2 decades, clinical translation and implementation have not matched these efforts. In this article, we outline the challenges of biomarker development in COPD and provide an overview of a developmental pipeline that may be able to surmount these challenges and bring novel biomarker solutions to accelerate therapeutic discoveries and to improve the care and outcomes of the millions of individuals worldwide with COPD.