American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2015
Genome-wide Association Study of Short Acting β2-agonists: A Novel Genome Wide Significant Locus on Chromosome 2 Near ASB3.
β2-Agonists are the most common form of treatment of asthma, but there is significant variability in response to these medications. A significant proportion of this responsiveness may be heritable. ⋯ These GWAS findings for BDR in subjects with asthma suggest that a gene associated with smooth muscle proliferation may influence a proportion of the smooth muscle relaxation that occurs in asthma.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2015
Proteomic Profiling Reveals Autoimmune Targets in Sarcoidosis.
There is a need to further characterize the antibody repertoire in relation to sarcoidosis and potentially related autoantigens. ⋯ Autoantigen reactivity was present in most BAL and serum samples analyzed, and the results revealed high interindividual heterogeneity, with most of the reactivities observed in single individuals only. Four proteins are here proposed as sarcoidosis-associated autoimmune targets and of interest for further validation in independent cohorts.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2015
Rapid Automated Microscopy for Microbiologic Surveillance of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia.
Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is imprecise. ⋯ Microbiological surveillance detected infection in patients at risk for VAP independent of clinical signs, resulting in changes to antimicrobial therapy. Automated microscopy was 100% sensitive and 97% specific for high-risk pneumonia organisms compared with clinical culturing. Rapid microscopy-based surveillance may be informative for treatment and antimicrobial stewardship in patients at risk for VAP.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2015
House Dust Mites Induce Proliferation of Severe Asthmatic Smooth Muscle Cells via an Epithelium-dependent Pathway.
Asthma is a frequent airway disease, and asthma control determinants have been associated with indoor allergen sensitization. The most frequent allergens are house dust mites (HDM), which act in vivo on the bronchial epithelial layer. Severe asthma has also been associated with bronchial remodeling and more specifically with increased mass of bronchial smooth muscle (BSM). However, the relationship between HDM stimulation of the bronchial epithelial layer and BSM remodeling is unknown. ⋯ This work demonstrates the selective role of HDM on BSM remodeling in patients with severe asthma and points out different therapeutic targets at epithelial and smooth muscle levels.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2015
Letter Case ReportsTreating pulmonary silicosis by blocking interleukin 1.