American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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The diffuse cystic lung diseases have a broad differential diagnosis. A wide variety of pathophysiological processes spanning the spectrum from airway obstruction to lung remodeling can lead to multifocal cyst development in the lung. ⋯ Unique imaging features, genetic tests, serum studies, and clinical features provide invaluable clues that help clinicians distinguish among the various etiologies, but biopsy is often required for definitive diagnosis. In part II of this review, we present an overview of the diffuse cystic lung diseases caused by lymphoproliferative disorders, genetic mutations, or aberrant lung development and provide an approach to aid in their diagnosis and management.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2015
CARMA3 Represses Metastasis-Suppressor NME2 to Promote Lung Cancer Stemness and Metastasis.
CARD-recruited membrane-associated protein 3 (CARMA3) is a novel scaffold protein that regulates nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation; however, the underlying mechanism of CARMA3 in lung cancer stemness and metastasis remains largely unknown. ⋯ We identified a novel mechanism of CARMA3 in lung cancer stemness and metastasis through the negative regulation of NME2 by NF-κB-dependent induction of miR-182. Our findings provide an attractive strategy for targeting the CARMA3/NF-κB/miR-182 pathway as a potential treatment for lung cancer.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2015
Determining the Ideal Strategy for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention: Cost-Benefit Analysis.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection with high associated cost and poor patient outcomes. Many strategies for VAP reduction have been evaluated. However, the combination of strategies with the optimal cost-benefit ratio remains unknown. ⋯ Despite their infrequent use, current data suggest that the use of prophylactic probiotics and subglottic endotracheal tubes are cost-effective for preventing VAP from the societal and hospital perspectives.