American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyImpact of 24/7 In-Hospital Intensivist Coverage on Outcomes in Pediatric Intensive Care: A Multi-Center Study.
The around-the-clock presence of an in-house attending critical care physician (24/7 coverage) is purported to be associated with improved outcomes among high-risk children with critical illness. ⋯ In this large observational study, we demonstrated that pediatric critical care provided in the ICUs staffed with a 24/7 intensivist presence is associated with improved overall patient survival and survival after cardiac arrest compared with patients treated in ICUs staffed with discretionary attending coverage. However, results from a few sensitivity analyses leave some ambiguity in these results.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2016
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparative Analysis of the Host Response to Community-acquired and Hospital-acquired Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients.
Preclinical studies suggest that hospitalized patients are susceptible to infections caused by nosocomial respiratory pathogens at least in part because of immune suppression caused by the condition for which they were admitted. ⋯ Patients with HAP and CAP present with a largely similar host response at ICU admission.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyAsthma-like Features and Clinical Course of COPD: An Analysis From the Hokkaido COPD Cohort Study.
Some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have asthma-like features, such as significant bronchodilator reversibility, blood eosinophilia, and/or atopy, even if they are not clinically diagnosed as having asthma. However, the clinical significance of asthma-like features overlapping with COPD remains unclear. ⋯ The presence of asthma-like features was associated with better clinical course in patients with COPD receiving appropriate treatment.