American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialPretreatment with Antioxidants Augments the Acute Arterial Vasoconstriction Caused by Diesel Exhaust Inhalation.
Diesel exhaust inhalation, which is the model traffic-related air pollutant exposure, is associated with vascular dysfunction. ⋯ We confirmed that short-term exposure to diesel exhaust in healthy subjects is associated with acute vasoconstriction in a conductance artery and found suggestive evidence of involvement of nociception and renin-angiotensin systems in this effect. Pretreatment with an antioxidant regimen increased vasoconstriction.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2016
Extended Tumor Control After Dendritic Cell Vaccination With Low Dose Cyclophosphamide as Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.
We demonstrated previously that autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell-based immunotherapy in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma is feasible, well-tolerated, and capable of inducing immunologic responses against tumor cells. In our murine model, we found that reduction of regulatory T cells with metronomic cyclophosphamide increased the efficacy of immunotherapy. ⋯ Consolidation therapy with autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell-based therapy and simultaneously reducing the tumor-induced immune suppression is well-tolerated and shows signs of clinical activity in patients with mesothelioma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01241682).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2016
Interleukin 25 Receptor Expression on Airway Dendritic Cells After Allergen Challenge in Asthmatic Subjects.
IL-25 is an epithelial-derived cytokine, whose effects are mediated by the IL-25 receptor (IL-17RB), and that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic disease and airway viral responses. Airway myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells. pDCs may play a protective role in asthma and are key players in the innate immune response through recognition of microbial products via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The effects of inhaled allergens on the expression of IL-17RB by mDCs and pDCs, and the effects of IL-25 on pDCs, are unknown. ⋯ IL-17RB is up-regulated on blood and sputum mDCs and pDCs after allergen inhalation. IL-25 modulates pDC function through an effect on TLR9 expression.