American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Observational StudyEvaluation of the Global Lung Initiative 2012 Reference Values for Spirometry in African Children.
Despite the high burden of respiratory disease, no spirometry reference values for African children are available. ⋯ The results of this study support the use of GLI-2012 reference values for schoolchildren in sub-Saharan Africa. Malnutrition affects body growth, leading to a proportionately smaller FEV1 and FVC without respiratory impairment, as shown by the normal FEV1/FVC ratio.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Multicenter Study Observational StudyPeripheral Artery Disease and its Clinical Relevance in Patients with COPD in the COSYCONET Study.
Knowledge about the prevalence of objectively assessed peripheral artery disease (PAD) and its clinical relevance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is scarce. ⋯ In a large cohort of patients with COPD, 8.8% were diagnosed with PAD, which is higher than the prevalence in control subjects without COPD. PAD was associated with a clinically relevant reduction in functional capacity and health status.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Gene Expression Profiling in Blood Provides Reproducible Molecular Insights into Asthma Control.
Maintaining optimal symptom control remains the primary objective of asthma treatment. Better understanding of the biologic underpinnings of asthma control may lead to the development of improved clinical and pharmaceutical approaches. ⋯ Together, these results demonstrate the existence of specific, reproducible transcriptomic components in blood that vary with degree of asthma control and implicate a novel biologic target (TREM-1).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Lung Function in African Infants in the Drakenstein Child Health Study: Impact of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness.
Lower respiratory tract illness is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether infants are predisposed to illness because of impaired lung function or whether respiratory illness reduces lung function. ⋯ Early life lower respiratory tract illness impairs lung function at 1 year, independent of baseline lung function. Preventing early life lower respiratory tract illness is important to optimize lung function and promote respiratory health in childhood.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes of New-onset Atrial Fibrillation in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis: a Cohort Study.
Patients admitted to intensive care units with sepsis are prone to developing cardiac dysrhythmias, most commonly atrial fibrillation. ⋯ Atrial fibrillation is a common complication of sepsis and independently associated with excess mortality. A simple risk score may identify patients at high risk of this complication. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01905033).