American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2017
Children's Urinary Environmental Carbon Load: A Novel Marker Reflecting Residential Ambient Air Pollution Exposure?
Ambient air pollution, including black carbon, entails a serious public health risk because of its carcinogenic potential and as climate pollutant. To date, an internal exposure marker for black carbon particles that have cleared from the systemic circulation into the urine does not exist. ⋯ Urinary black carbon mirrors the accumulation of medium-term to chronic exposure to combustion-related air pollution. This specific biomarker reflects internal systemic black carbon particles cleared from the circulation into the urine, allowing investigators to unravel the complexity of particulate-related health effects.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2017
Observational StudyObstructive Sleep Apnoea and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with several pathophysiological deficits found in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hence, it's plausible that OSA could play a role in the pathogenesis of sight-threatening DR (STDR). ⋯ OSA is associated with STDR in patients with type 2 diabetes. OSA is an independent predictor for the progression to preproliferative/proliferative DR. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment was associated with reduction in preproliferative/proliferative DR. Interventional studies are needed to assess the impact of OSA treatment on STDR.