American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Immune Response and Mortality Risk Relate to Distinct Lung Microbiomes in HIV-Pneumonia Patients.
The potential role of the airway microbiota in dictating immune responses and infection outcomes in HIV-associated pneumonia is largely unknown. ⋯ These data provide evidence that compositionally and structurally distinct lower airway microbiomes are associated with discrete local host immune responses, peripheral metabolic reprogramming, and different rates of mortality.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2017
Multicenter StudyMortality due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Burden and Risk Factors.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of hospitalization and an important cause of death in infants in the developing world. The relative contribution of social, biologic, and clinical risk factors to RSV mortality in low-income regions is unclear. ⋯ RSV was the most frequent cause of mortality in low-income postneonatal infants. RF and death due to RSV LRTI, almost exclusively associated with prematurity and cardiopulmonary diseases in industrialized countries, primarily affect term infants in a developing world environment. Poor outcomes at hospitals are frequent and associated with the cooccurrence of bacterial sepsis and clinically significant pneumothoraxes.