American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2017
Multicenter StudyAcute Kidney Injury as a Risk Factor for Delirium and Coma during Critical Illness.
Acute kidney injury may contribute to distant organ dysfunction. Few studies have examined kidney injury as a risk factor for delirium and coma. ⋯ Acute kidney injury is a risk factor for delirium and coma during critical illness.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2017
Multicenter StudyA Prediction Model to Help with the Assessment of Adenopathy in Lung Cancer (HAL).
Estimating the probability of finding N2 or N3 (prN2/3) malignant nodal disease on endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can facilitate the selection of subsequent management strategies. ⋯ Our prediction rule can be used to estimate prN2/3 in patients with NSCLC. The model has the potential to facilitate clinical decision making in the staging of NSCLC.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized Controlled Ethanol Cookstove Intervention and Blood Pressure in Pregnant Nigerian Women.
Hypertension during pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal mortality. Exposure to household air pollution elevates blood pressure (BP). ⋯ To our knowledge, this is the first cookstove randomized controlled trial examining prenatal BP. Ethanol cookstoves have potential to reduce DBP and hypertension during pregnancy. Accordingly, clean cooking fuels may reduce adverse health impacts associated with household air pollution. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02394574).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2017
ReviewEarly Lung Disease in Infants and Pre-school Children with Cystic Fibrosis: What Have We Learnt and What Should We Do About It?
The past decade has seen significant advances in understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary inflammation, infection, and structural lung damage manifest very early in life and are prevalent among preschool children and infants, often in the absence of symptoms or signs. Early childhood represents a pivotal period amenable to intervention strategies that could delay or prevent the onset of lung damage and alter the longer-term clinical trajectory for individuals with CF. This review summarizes what we have learned about early lung disease in children with CF and discusses the implications for future clinical practice and research.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2017
Epstein-Barr Virus Induced Gene 2 (EBI2) Mediates Allergen-induced, Leukocyte Migration into Airways.
Leukocyte recruitment to sites of allergic inflammation depends on the local production of priming cytokines, chemokines, and potentially other mediators. Previously, we showed that eosinophils (Eos) express numerous orphan G-protein-coupled receptors, including Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2). Despite its contribution to inflammatory diseases, the role of EBI2 in pulmonary eosinophilia is unknown. ⋯ Oxysterols are increased in inflamed airways after allergen challenge and, through G-protein subunit α, ERK, and Pin1 signaling, likely participate in the regulation of Eos migration into the lung in people with asthma.