American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2024
Machine Learning of Plasma Proteomics Classifies Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease.
Distinguishing connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can be clinically challenging. ⋯ Multiple machine learning models trained with large cohort proteomic datasets consistently distinguished CTD-ILD from IPF. Identified proteins involved in immune pathways. We further developed a novel approach for single sample classification, which could facilitate honing the differential diagnosis of ILD in challenging cases and improve clinical decision-making.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2024
Epigenome-Wide Association Studies of COPD and Lung Function: A Systematic Review.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) results from gene-environment interactions over the lifetime. These interactions are captured by epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) related to COPD and lung function. ⋯ There is high heterogeneity across published COPD/lung function EWAS studies. A few genes (n=123; 2.6%) were replicated in blood and respiratory samples, suggesting that blood can recapitulate some changes in respiratory tissues. These findings have implications for future research.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2024
Who Transmits Tuberculosis to Whom: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Cohort Study in Lima, Peru.
The persistent burden of TB disease emphasizes the need to identify individuals with TB for treatment and those at a high risk of incident TB for prevention. Targeting interventions towards those at high risk of developing and transmitting tuberculosis is a public health priority. ⋯ This study identifies men, young adults, former prisoners, alcohol consumers, and smokers as priority groups for targeted interventions. Innovative strategies are needed to extend tuberculosis screening to social groups like young adults and prisoners with limited access to routine preventive care. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).