Medicina
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Review Meta Analysis
Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Postoperative Complications After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Background and Objectives: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment option for severe knee osteoarthritis. Understanding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on postoperative outcomes is crucial for improving patient satisfaction after TKA. This study aimed to investigate the influence of DM on postoperative complications and mortality after TKA. ⋯ Most importantly, DM was associated with a higher mortality rate within 30 days after TKA (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.60, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Patients with DM exhibited a higher rate of postoperative complications after TKA, and DM was associated with a higher mortality rate within 30 days after TKA. It is crucial to educate patients about the perioperative risk and develop evidence-based guidelines to prevent complications after TKA.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effect of Exercise and Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Pre- and Post-Surgical Patients with Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Background and objectives: Lung cancer is a common cancer, and its impact on public health is not only reflected in the 1 million deaths it causes annually but also in the significant implications it has on daily activities and quality of life, resulting in a considerable burden on healthcare systems. This review aims to determine the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation and pre- or post-surgical exercise in patients with lung cancer. ⋯ When the intervention was performed post-surgery, higher FEV1 (SMD: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.32-0.92; p = 0.0001) and improved 6 min walking distances (60.8, 95% CI: 20.96-100.6; p = 0.0033) were found compared to standard management. Conclusions: This review suggests that, depending on the timing of implementation, pulmonary rehabilitation or exercise could produce positive effects on certain clinical variables in lung cancer patients.
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Review Meta Analysis
Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab and Alirocumab as PCSK9 Inhibitors in Pediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Background and Objectives: The proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors evolocumab and alirocumab are recently developed promising drugs used for treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to thoroughly evaluate the efficacy and safety of evolocumab and alirocumab among pediatric patients with FH. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception through July 2024 to identify primary interventional studies among pediatric patients with FH. ⋯ Conclusions: The PCSK9 inhibitors evolocumab/alirocumab significantly reduced LDL-C and some other lipid parameters, such as apolipoprotein B, in pediatric patients with HeFH. These drugs may be appropriate as a potential therapy for pediatric patients with HoFH who cannot achieve LDL-C targets with other treatments. Evolocumab/alirocumab was generally well tolerated in the pediatric population.