Acta clinica Croatica
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Acta clinica Croatica · Oct 2022
ReviewCURRENT ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE SCREENING, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Diagnosis of prostate cancer poses a significant challenge, due to several different key parameters that need to be evaluated, such as age, history of prostate specific antigen (PSA), clinical examination and more recently magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The current diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer has resulted in overdiagnosis and overtreatment as well as underdiagnosis and missed diagnoses in many men. ⋯ There are still some challenges ahead, such as ensuring high-quality execution and reporting of mpMRI and ensuring that this diagnostic pathway is cost-effective. According to the latest urological clinical guidelines mpMRI became fundamental tool in management of prostate cancer. The aim of this study is to give a brief insight in use of mpMRI in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Oct 2022
ReviewPELVIC REHABILITATION FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY.
Radical prostatectomy (RP) performed by open, laparoscopic, or robotic approach is considered the gold standard for localized prostate cancer (PCa). However, it carries the risk of postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (UI) and erectile dysfunction (ED) which significantly reduce patients' satisfaction with surgery and quality of life (QoL), therefore it is important to decrease the possibility or severity of these complications to a minimum. ⋯ In addition, there are postoperative methods that can help reduce complications. In this review, we will present the role of pelvic rehabilitation with an emphasis on pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in reducing consequences of radical surgery.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Oct 2022
ReviewSYSTEMIC TRIPLE THERAPY IN METASTATIC HORMONE SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MHSPC).
For many years, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as monotherapy has been the gold standard for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) treatment. Several studies have been published within the last decade demonstrating a significant survival advantage resulting from combining the treatment with standard ADT plus docetaxel or androgen receptor targeted therapy (ARTA) compared to ADT monotherapy. Recently published data of the PEACE-1 and ARASENS trials suggest that in the future, triple therapy might be a treatment option for patients with mHSPC.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Oct 2022
TREATMENT OF EARLY GLOTTIC CARCINOMA WITH TRANSORAL ENDOSCOPIC LASER SURGERY.
Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the most common tumors of the head and neck, just after skin cancer. Alongside open surgery, transoral endoscopic laser surgery (TOLS) has become widespread as a treatment method. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of transoral laser cordectomy in a group of patients with early glottic carcinoma. ⋯ We did not observe significant difference in outcomes according to cordectomy type except for type V (a-d), where a higher number of patients had to undergo radiotherapy. This study underlines the importance of careful patient selection for TOLS, as well as the need for close cooperation with pathology and radiology specialists to ensure optimal approach and extent of surgery for each individual patient. It also displayed TOLS as a sound therapeutic option for early stages of glottic carcinoma but also indicated the need for similar studies in a larger number of patients to elucidate the effectiveness in certain glottis areas.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Oct 2022
CORRELATION OF EXPRESSION OF TGF- β AND MMP2 BETWEEN PROSTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND ADJACENT UNAFFECTED PARENCHYMA.
In prostate adenocarcinoma, both tumorous stroma and epithelium have important role in tumor progression. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF- β) is a promotor in advanced stages of prostate cancer. Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), the endopeptidase that degrades extracellular matrix is considered to be overexpressed in prostatic carcinoma related to its growth and aggressiveness. ⋯ TGF- β was more expressed in tumorous than in prostate stroma (p =0.000), while no statistical significance in case of MMP2 (p = 0.097) was found. MMP2 was more expressed in tumorous than in prostate epithelium (p =0.000), while no statistical significance in case of TGF- β (p = 0.096) was observed. The study results indicate that both tumorous stroma and epithelium have a role in tumor progression and support potential role of TGF- β and MMP2 in prostatic adenocarcinoma progression.