Journal of travel medicine
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Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a major public health concern in India, and the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) virus is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in Asia affecting children under the age of 15 years. In India, despite the introduction of the JE vaccine (SA-14-14-2) in the immunization programme, JE continues to account for 15-20% of AES cases to date. This study evaluates the immunogenicity of live attenuated SA-14-14-2 JE vaccine in terms of persistence of the humoral response after two doses. ⋯ The study showed a decreasing trend of anti-JEV specific IgG antibody titres across the five groups based on the duration following two doses of SA-14-14-2 vaccine. The results emphasize the significance of booster doses of vaccine for children living in endemic areas.
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Increasing numbers of travellers returning from Cuba with dengue virus infection were reported to the GeoSentinel Network from June to September 2022, reflecting an ongoing local outbreak. This report demonstrates the importance of travellers as sentinels of arboviral outbreaks and highlights the need for early identification of travel-related dengue.
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Multicenter Study
Encephalitis in travellers: A prospective multicentre study.
As the epidemiology of encephalitis varies from one country to another, international travel may be an important clue for the diagnostic workout of this puzzling disease. ⋯ The two primary causes of encephalitis in travellers are arboviruses and HSV. Empirical treatment of encephalitis in travellers must include acyclovir. Pre-travel advice and vaccination may decrease the risk of encephalitis in travellers.
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Chikungunya outbreaks continue to occur, with changing epidemiology. Awareness about chikungunya is low both among the at-risk travellers and healthcare professionals, which can result in underdiagnosis and underreporting. This review aims to improve awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the risks of chikungunya for travellers. ⋯ Travellers planning to visit destinations with active CHIKV circulation should be advised about the risk for chikungunya, prevention strategies, the disease manifestations, possible chronic rheumatologic sequelae and, if symptomatic, seek medical evaluation and report potential exposures.
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Clinical Trial
Immunogenicity of a single fractional intradermal dose of Japanese encephalitis live attenuated chimeric vaccine.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is endemic in Asia and the western Pacific. Vaccination is recommended for travellers to endemic regions, but the high cost of the vaccine is a major barrier to uptake. ⋯ ACTRN12621000024842.