Journal of travel medicine
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We estimated inpatient and outpatient payments for malaria treatment in the USA. The mean cost per hospitalized patient was significantly higher than for non-hospitalized patients (e.g. $27 642 vs $1177 among patients with private insurance). Patients with severe malaria payed two to four times more than those hospitalized with uncomplicated malaria.
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Delayed treatment is associated with a higher risk of severe malaria. In malaria-endemic areas, the main factors associated with delay in seeking healthcare are low educational level and traditional beliefs. In imported malaria, determinants of delay in seeking healthcare are currently unknown. ⋯ In contrast to an endemic area, socio-economic factors did not impact on delay in seeking healthcare in imported malaria. Prevention should focus on VFR subjects, who tend to consult later than other travellers.
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Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, may be considered a neglected tropical disease that remains underdiagnosed in many geographical areas. Travellers can act as the sentinels of disease activity, and data from imported cases may help complete the global map of melioidosis. ⋯ As post-pandemic travel soars, health professionals should be aware of the possibility of imported melioidosis with its diverse presentations. Currently, no licensed vaccine is available, so prevention in travellers should focus on protective measures (avoiding contact with soil/stagnant water in endemic areas). Biological samples from suspected cases require processing in biosafety level 3 facilities.
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International travellers may seek care abroad to address health problems that arise during their trip or plan healthcare outside their country of residence as medical tourists. ⋯ International travellers encounter health problems during travel that often could be prevented by pre-travel consultation. Travellers obtaining planned healthcare abroad can experience negative health consequences associated with treatments abroad, for which pre-travel consultations could provide advice and potentially help to prevent complications.