Journal of travel medicine
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Meta Analysis
Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics of mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics are critical factors for studying infectious diseases. However, evidence on the viral dynamics of mpox remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the viral load and viability of the re-emerged mpox virus since 2022. ⋯ Skin lesion, anorectal and saliva samples contained the highest viral load. The peak viral load manifests within 4-8 days after symptom onset, and viable virus detection was presumed to cease within 14-19 days from symptom onset in anorectal, saliva and urethral samples.
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Meta Analysis
Travel-related respiratory symptoms and infections in travellers (2000-2022): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common in travellers due to the year-round or seasonal presence of respiratory pathogen and exposure to crowded environments during the itinerary. No study has systematically examined the burden of RTI infections among travellers. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of RTIs and symptoms suggestive of RTIs among travellers according to risk groups and/or geographic region, and to describe the spectrum of RTIs. ⋯ This study demonstrates a high burden of RTIs among travellers and indicates that travellers' RTIs reflect respiratory infection outbreaks. These findings have important implications for understanding and managing RTIs among travellers.
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Meta Analysis
Yellow fever vaccine safety in immunocompromised individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yellow fever (YF) is an arbovirus with variable severity, including severe forms with high mortality. The vaccination is the most effective measure to protect against the disease. Non-serious and serious adverse events have been described in immunocompromised individuals, but previous studies have failed to demonstrate this association. This systematic review assessed the risk of adverse events after YF vaccination in immunocompromised individuals compared with its use in non-immunocompromised individuals. ⋯ It is not possible to affirm that immunocompromised individuals, regardless of aetiology, have a higher risk of adverse events after receiving the YF vaccine.
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Shigella remains one of the most common causes of diarrhoea in South Asia. Current estimates of the prevalence of Shigella are critical for guiding control measures. We estimated the prevalence of Shigella species and serogroups in South Asia. ⋯ Although the prevalence of Shigella in South Asia remains generally high, it varies by age group and geographical area, with data lacking in some countries. Effective Shigella vaccines would be advantageous for both endemic communities and travellers.
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Meta Analysis
Tumour necrosis factor-α as a prognostic biomarker of severe malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels are reportedly altered during malaria. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to collect and compare data on TNF-α levels between patients with malaria of varying severity and healthy asymptomatic positive controls. ⋯ This systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed the increase of TNF-α levels in patients with severe malaria. Therefore, TNF-α may be alternatively used as a prognostic biomarker of severe malaria.