JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
-
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Gynaecoid Pelvis among Female Patients Attending Department of Radiology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
The bony pelvis consists of the two hip bones, the sacrum and the coccyx. The bony pelvis is divided into the greater pelvis and the lesser pelvis. The junction between the greater and the lesser pelvis is the pelvic inlet. The transverse and anteroposterior dimensions of the pelvic inlet will classify the pelvis as the anthropoid, gynaecoid, android, and platypelloid pelvis. Knowledge of female pelvis type is important for obstetricians to know the process of labour which can decrease the morbidity and mortality of mothers and neonates. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of gynaecoid pelvis among female patients attending the Department of Radiology of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ female; pelvis; radiology.
-
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Stroke among Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity around the world. This study aimed to find out the stroke among patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. ⋯ hemorrhagic stroke; ischemic stroke; prevalence.
-
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Polycythemia among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Admitted to the Department of Medicine in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a preventable and treatable disease marked by persistent airflow limitation. Abnormal rise of haemoglobin and/or hematocrit in peripheral blood is known as polycythemia which includes increased haemoglobin: greater than 16.5 g/dl in men or greater than 16.0 g/dl in women and increased hematocrit: >49% for men and >48% for women. Men, current smoking, impaired carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, severe hypoxemia, and high altitude living are risk factors associated with an increased risk for secondary polycythemia. Polycythemia contributes to the development of cor-pulmonale and pulmonary hypertension, which are linked to poor prognosis. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of polycythemia among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the department of medicine in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; polycythemia; prevalence.
-
Adhesion is a leading cause of small bowel obstruction. Adhesive small bowel obstruction has significant challenges in diagnosis, treatment and prevention with considerable impact on morbidity and socioeconomic burden. Small bowel obstruction caused by adhesion or any other aetiology is clinically indistinguishable due to similar clinical presentation. Computed Tomography scans and water-soluble contrast studies are more specific in diagnosis and possess value in predicting the need for surgery. Surgical management is indicated only in complicated cases or failed conservative treatments with the majority resolving with non-operative management. However, there is no clear-cut consensus about the timing of operative intervention. Meticulous surgical practice is the keystone in preventing adhesion formation despite the availability of numerous pharmacological and surgical strategies. This review aims to update the current knowledge of the pathophysiology of adhesion formation, treatment options and various prevention modalities of adhesive small bowel obstruction. ⋯ diagnosis; laparotomy; prevention; surgery.
-
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Gallstone among Patients Presenting to the Department of Surgery in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Gallstone is the most common biliary pathology. Once thought of as a disease of the western world, the incidence and burden of cholelithiasis are increasing in Asia. Its literature from Nepal is however still primitive. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of gallstone among patients presenting to the Department of Surgery in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ cholelithiasis; gallbladder; prevalence.