JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · May 2023
Depression among People Living With HIV/AIDS Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
HIV affects mental health in multiple ways, including its direct pathophysiological effects, associated stigma, impacts on social, and economic dimensions, medications used for long durations and multiple secondary physical health issues that affect the clients and comorbid substance use. In the post-COVID era, in our socio-cultural and geographical context, depression among these populations needs assessment to evaluate their mental health care needs. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of depression among people living with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiretroviral therapy at a tertiary care centre. ⋯ depression; HIV; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · May 2023
Mean Urea Reduction Ratio among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Chronic kidney disease is a major cause of mortality with a prevalence of 6%. Over the past half-century, hemodialysis has been the most preferred modality of treatment for sustaining the life of patients with end-stage kidney disease. Despite hemodialysis being freely available, achieving adequacy in hemodialysis is a challenging task. Inadequate dialysis is responsible for the high mortality. This study aimed to find out the mean value of the urea reduction ratio among patients undergoing hemodialysis at a tertiary care centre. ⋯ chronic kidney disease; dialysis; hemodialysis.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · May 2023
ReviewSurgical Management of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Principles and Current Practice.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the third most common cause of renal failure with no definitive treatment available that can directly target the development and growth of the cysts. Endeavours are being made to retard the growth of the cysts and preservation of renal function through medical treatment. However, 50% of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease-affected persons develop complications and end-stage renal disease by the age of fifty-five and need surgical intervention for the management of complications, creation of dialysis access and renal transplantation. This review highlights the principles and current practice pertinent to the surgical management of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. ⋯ polycystic kidney disease; nephrectomy; transplantation.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · May 2023
Case ReportsTurner Syndrome with Mosaicism of X Chromosome: A Case Report.
Turners' syndrome, although common, is a complex syndrome that requires a multidisciplinary team to manage it. If undiagnosed prenatally or in childhood, Turners' syndrome females often present later to gynaecologists with premature ovarian insufficiency or infertility as their primary presenting complaint. Timely diagnosis and management are key to improving health outcomes in women with Turners' syndrome, as it is associated with multiple comorbidities which left untreated will result in excess morbidity and mortality. We hereby present a case of a 20-year-old female diagnosed to have Turner's syndrome with mosaicism of the X chromosome to highlight the wide array of clinical presentations it can have. ⋯ case reports; infertility; sex chromosome aberrations; Turner syndrome.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · May 2023
Postdural Puncture Headache after Spinal Anaesthesia in Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Section in the Department of Anesthesia in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
The post-dural puncture headache is one of the common complications of spinal anaesthesia. It is one of the most frequent claims for malpractice involving obstetrics anaesthesia. Though self-limiting it is troublesome to the patient. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of post-dural puncture headache after spinal anaesthesia in parturients undergoing cesarean section in the Department of Anesthesia in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ cesarean section; headache; prevalence.