International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association
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Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) is an extremely rare neoplasm of T-cell origin. Here we describe a 42-year-old woman who suffered from intermittent fevers and night sweats of 3 months duration. Laboratory results, imaging, pathology, and immunohistological examination led to a final diagnosis of primary adrenal T-cell lymphoma (PATL) with adrenal insufficiency. ⋯ Most reported PAL patients who have received only one therapeutic modality have unsatisfactory survival rates resulting from tumor recurrence and/or postchemotherapy infections. In contrast, one patient who received an adrenectomy followed by low-dose radiotherapy experienced long-term survival. A combination of therapeutic modalities may improve prognosis for patients with PATL, although the case numbers are too small to draw any conclusions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effectiveness of local anaesthesia techniques in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: a prospective randomized study.
This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of intrarectal lidocaine gel versus periprostatic lidocaine injection during transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy. ⋯ Periprostatic injection of local anaesthetic is a safe technique that significantly reduces pain during prostate biopsy, whereas intrarectal lidocaine injection did not reduce pain. This safe, simple technique should be applied in men undergoing TRUS-guided prostate biopsy to limit patient discomfort.