Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio) was proposed as a marker of atherosclerosis. Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis share common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the relationship between monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio and osteoporosis. ⋯ Stratified analyses showed that similar results were also found in different populations. This study showed that the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was negatively associated with BMD and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females. The monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio may be a new marker of osteoporosis or osteopenia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
EXPRESS: Effects of Prehabilitation Resistance Training in Mild to Moderate Clinically Frail Patients Awaiting Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
Coronary artery disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity among chronic heart diseases worldwide. Patients reported chronic chest pain as the primary symptom of coronary artery disease. Due to its progressive nature, it affects the health status and functional capacity of the patients. ⋯ Clinical frailty scores in group A and group B were 2.68 and 2.74, respectively, with the essential frailty toolset in group A and group B were 1.14 and 1.11, respectively. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences within and between groups for prehabilitation resistance training after CABG. The study showed that the resistance training group had improved the clinical frailty score, strength, endurance, and functional capacity in patients who underwent elective CABG.
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The generalizability of artificial intelligence (AI) models is a major issue in the field of AI applications. Therefore, we aimed to overcome the generalizability problem of an AI model developed for a particular center for pneumothorax detection using a small dataset for external validation. Chest radiographs of patients diagnosed with pneumothorax (n = 648) and those without pneumothorax (n = 650) who visited the Ankara University Faculty of Medicine (AUFM; center 1) were obtained. ⋯ The positive predictive value increased from 0.525 to 0.886 after external validation (p = 0.041). The physicians' sensitivity and specificity for detecting pneumothorax were 0.585 and 0.988, respectively. The performance scores of the algorithms were increased with a small dataset; however, further studies are required to determine the optimal amount of external validation data to fully address the generalizability issue.
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This study intended to delineate the mechanism and functional role of integrin α2 (ITGA2) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell immune escape. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to analyze ITGA2 expression in NSCLC tissues, and correlations between ITGA2 expression and patient survival time, ITGA2 expression and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) expression, and ITGA2 expression and CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected ITGA2 expression. ⋯ Clinical sample testing unveiled that ITGA2 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues. PD-L1 upregulation was seen in exosomes separated from patient blood, and correlation analysis showed a positive correlation of exosomal PD-L1 expression in blood with ITGA2 expression in tissues. This study displays a novel mechanism and role of ITGA2 in NSCLC immune escape, providing directions for the clinical therapy of NSCLC patients.
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Joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) is a non-inflammatory hereditary disorder of connective tissue with varied clinical presentations, including frequent joint dislocations, hyperextensible skin, easy bruising, and abnormal paper-thin scar formation. Many of these patients have unexplained gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of JHS in a tertiary gastroenterology motility clinic and the spectrum of functional bowel disorders in JHS patients. ⋯ Also, 10 patients (37%) were diagnosed with postural hypotension tachycardia syndrome secondary to autonomic dysfunction. Approximately 10% of patients with suspected functional bowel disorders have hypermobility syndrome. Hence, it is crucial to familiarize gastrointestinal practitioners with the criteria utilized to diagnose JHS and the methods to identify physical examination findings related to this condition.