Current opinion in critical care
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Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains a major health burden around the globe, most often occurring in the community (out-of-hospital cardiac arrest [OHCA]). SCA accounts for 15-20% of all natural deaths in adults in the USA and Western Europe, and up to 50% of all cardiovascular deaths. To reduce this burden, more knowledge is needed about its key facets such as its incidence in various geographies, its risk factors, and the populations that may be at risk. ⋯ Our insights into the causes of SCA are steadily increasing thanks to the creation of big datasets dedicated to SCA research. These insights may be used to earlier recognize of individuals at risk, the design of personalized methods for prevention, and more effective resuscitation strategies for OHCA.
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To describe current developed regional blocks, their indications and clinical use. Furthermore, describe new local anesthetics recently introduced and the new agents in pipeline. ⋯ New regional block techniques and new local anesthetics have been introduced recently. However, the efficacy/safety and comparison to conventional techniques and local anesthetics are still needed. Future studies must focus on prolonging analgesia with least invasive regional technique and compare new local anesthetics with current ones.
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Curr Opin Crit Care · Dec 2021
ReviewKIDS SAVE LIVES: a narrative review of associated scientific production.
In sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most important elements of the chain of survival. Since 2015, international health societies and associations have recognized KIDS SAVE LIVES (KSL) as an essential initiative on CPR principles dissemination among schoolchildren. Children can be potential multipliers of the CPR competencies by teaching families, relatives, and friends. This review aimed to determine the main CPR issues raised in the KSL-associated publications. ⋯ The KSL-associated literature is limited to support KSL benefits. However, the KSL could potentially contribute to improve out-of-hospital CPR performed by lay people at earlier age in different countries. Children are an important target group to diffuse CPR principles ('CHECK-CALL-COMPRESS'), as they are curious, motivated and enjoy teaching others.
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Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality. In this paper, we will review our understanding and potential management of postoperative NCD. ⋯ A spectrum of NCD exists in surgical patients ranging from postoperative delirium, delayed neurocognitive recovery, and POCD. Identification of patients at-risk for developing NCD can help target appropriate perioperative intervention. Also, specialized care teams and the implementation of standardized protocols are crucial for the successful management perioperative NCD. Finally, large, randomized, multicenter studies are needed to confirm benefits of preventive and treatment strategies.