Clinical drug investigation
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after thyroidectomy: combined antiemetic treatment with dexamethasone and ginger versus dexamethasone alone.
The aim of this study was to compare the prophylactic effects of dexamethasone plus ginger and dexamethasone alone on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing thyroidectomy. ⋯ In conclusion, the prophylactic combination of antiemetic treatment with dexamethasone and ginger was not clinically or statistically superior to dexamethasone alone in preventing PONV in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of intravenously administered dexketoprofen trometamol and ketoprofen in the management of pain after orthopaedic surgery: A multicentre, double-blind, randomised, parallel-group clinical trial.
This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of dexketoprofen trometamol, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in comparison with that of racemic ketoprofen (both administered by intravenous infusion), in patients with postoperative pain. ⋯ The two medications were equivalent in terms of analgesic activity in the management of postoperative pain after orthopaedic surgery. The high use of rescue analgesics indicates a need for a multimodal approach to analgesia in this type of surgery. Dexketoprofen trometamol appeared to show a trend towards a better tolerability profile compared with the racemic compound.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Analgesic efficacy and safety of lornoxicam quick-release formulation compared with diclofenac potassium: randomised, double-blind trial in acute low back pain.
NSAIDs are widely used for patients presenting with low back pain. A quick-release formulation of lornoxicam, a potent NSAID from the chemical class of oxicams, offers a faster onset of pain relief compared with the standard tablet formulation. ⋯ Lornoxicam administered as a quick-release formulation was shown to be non-inferior to the equivalent formulation of diclofenac potassium in terms of onset of pain relief and more effective on most of the major standard efficacy outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Age-related differences in metoclopramide requirement for pain on injection of propofol.
Pain on injection is still a major problem with propofol; metoclopramide effectively decreases this pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of aging on metoclopramide requirement for propofol-induced pain. ⋯ This study showed that older patients require less metoclopramide, with venous occlusion for 1 minute, to reduce pain on injection of propofol than do younger patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of granisetron for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting in women undergoing breast surgery: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Women undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery are especially at risk of experiencing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of granisetron, a selective serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist, for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting after breast surgery. ⋯ The minimum effective dose of granisetron for the treatment of PONV in women undergoing breast surgery was 20 microg/kg. Increasing the granisetron dose to 80 microg/kg provided no further benefit.